It is Difficult to Forgive

It is Difficult to ForgiveSometimes clemency can be difficult. It is non always easy to release soul for doing some amour wrong. There may be times where the transgression is so unadulterated that it causes a individual to calculate differently well-nigh individual, never organism able to draw a blank what they did to them. The Sunflower is a book about the possibilities and limits of amnesty. Simon Wiesenthal, a Jewish pris one and only(a)r, is c any(prenominal)ed to the bedside of a death Nazi soldier and is faced with the predicament of being asked for forbearance for the soldiers atrocious atrocities he had committed during the war. The Jewish son is unsure of what he should do or say. As he sits by the dying man listening to his story and cheering him for his last hardly a(prenominal) minutes on Earth, he can non bring himself to respond in any way. The boy sits in silence and does not grant nor deny the dying Nazis request for mildness.There are many legal injury for being conceden. one(a) cannot exclusively go through life doing whatever they please to anyone and expecting an vindication will suffice afterwards. One cannot, and should not, go around happily cleanup spot and torturing and then, when the moment has come, simply ask, and receive, exculpateness, says Herbert Mercuse (Mercuse 208). A person may pique someone and feel guilty about it and then seek forgiveness from the person so that they may be on good terms with each former(a) again after. Usually, after a transgression has occurred, the person who has been wronged may be upset or angry. They may not be able to cite forgiveness decently outdoor(a). The perpetrator must reward their need for time and understand that what they return done offended them. The recognition, if secret code else, is an important first step, says Sven Alkalaj (Alkalaj 103).Forgiveness cannot just be requested from anyone. In order for someone to give forgiveness they need to be obs cure in the actions committed by the individual. If someone greatly offends you and then asks other person for forgiveness and they say yes does that really mean they are forgiven for their actions? Simon was not able to forgive this man on behalf of the victims who were so maliciously kill. Alan L. Berger says, I may forgive one who has sinned against me. I may not forgive one who has taken the life of some other, (Berger 118). Does Simon really think that if he could thot on the dead victims that they would want to offer this man forgiveness? Absolutely not. The final solution itself was a massive massacre. Literally millions of innocent people were brutally murdered just for not meeting the requirements of the perfect race. Anyone and everyone involved besides the victims do not deserve any forgiveness for such a horrible event. Even Franklin H. Littell says that, The problem of the dying perpetrator was the fact that the only sympathetic persons who could pay off forgive n him were dead (Littell 197). Families and children were murdered in front of one another for no reason. How can a monster be given forgiveness for these actions even on his death bed?A misconception about forgiveness comes when it is confused with condoning or pardoning the offensive behavior. Forgiveness is not the same thing as forgetting, condoning, or pardoning. In todays modern times it seems that the typical behavior is to forgive and forget. Just because we forgive does not mean that we do not seek justice, speak out against the offender, or seek restitution. These things are all distinct from the act of forgiveness. The dying soldier may have really been sorry for the things he had done. He may have actually deserve the chance to be forgiven, provided even then the things he did would not just disappear.The crimes committed by this dying soldier and all the other soldiers are not simply something that can go away upon forgiveness. The solider want forgiveness was lucky to be dying before facing any real consequences of his actions. What these men were doing was extremely illegal and morally wrong. There is no way to replace a little boys murdered parents and siblings. After the Holocaust, trials were held to censure the men responsible for these atrocities. Most of the men who were convicted were sentenced to death. The law offers no forgiveness. other common misconception about forgiveness is that it makes the offended seem weak by accepting an apology and simply forgiving. It is never easy to forgive someone who has wronged you in some way. It is especially hard to forgive someone if what they have done has extremely hurt you emotionally and even physically in this case.There are many other people who actually think that the soldier could have deserved forgiveness (Wells). He could have been truly sorry for his actions. Some of the Holocaust survivors choose to forgive the soldiers that did these things because otherwise they would be angry a nd vengeful. They realize they were put through horrible unnecessary torture, but they need to move on with their lives in order to achieve a healthy life. Just as a victim of any other type of attack needs to often go to therapy sessions to try and get the best that obstacle in their life. It is all about allowing time to heal the wounds since the event. It is practice to be upset for to a greater extent(prenominal) than a day for some things.Eva Fleischner talks about how the dying Nazi soldier is actually unruffled at fault with his attempt at seeking forgiveness. The dying man simply wants any Jew to come to his bedside to listen to his plea. Yet, the man is oblivious to the ongoing painful sensation and suffering of the Jews even after this mans passing. Viewing Simon as a deputy of his people, he seeks to absolve himself and ease his insistent conscience through confessing and expressing his rue to him. He begs for a chemical reaction, for confirmation that his remors e is accepted. He desperately awaits the comforting words that might provide him a peaceful death. Simon, torn and confused, himself sboulder clay captive in a living hell manned by this mans comrades, holds his silence. That silence will forever trouble him, tugging at his conscience till his last day. This dying man represents each and every one of the murdering Nazi soldiers. Even after he is dead there will stick to be more deaths of Jews. Fleischner considers the possibility that if maybe the dying man would have summoned another Nazi guard, that he could have given a more genuine apology (Fleischner 143).Another thing that is sometimes thought about forgiveness that is not true is the idea that refusing to forgive is a registration way to punish the offender. In the story the dying soldier do a deathbed wish to confess his crimes to a Jew and to have that person forgive him. Some people believe that forgiving him would have given him barely what he wanted. And withholding that forgiveness would have punished him, quite justly, for his grievous acts. I do not think that this was Simons intentions at all. He did not have any thought of trying to punish the soldier more than the anguish he was already in. More often than not, it is the one who refuses to forgive who suffers more. In this case that is true. Because of Simons own silence he is devastated of whether or not he made the right choice.The act of forgiving is something that we carry with us throughout our entire lives. The fact that we do not truly forget what has happened once we forgive means that there will always be the thought of that event in the back of our minds. If a sibling hurts you, but then apologizes, each time you see them there will be that memory and you will silently forgive them again for their regretful actions. This happens with everything that you offer forgiveness for. It would not make sense to forgive someone and then when you think of the event you get upset. In that c ase, that would mean that your forgiveness was not truly meant and you still resented them for doing what they did.Simon is still haunted by this experience geezerhood after it occurred. He ponders whether or not he made the right decision. He truly felt that this dying mans apology was sincere, and that he may have been truly resentful for his sins. Still Simon remained silent and offered no balancing to this man. He held his hand through the whole story and even swatted away flies that bothered the dying soldier. It was simply not his position to be able to offer forgiveness for this mans sins. Since the victims are dead, God is the only one who can offer him any peace of mind. Simon cannot offer a response that might not be what the victims would want. I am sure the victims would practically rather have been alive then cruelly murdered. Forgiveness is not for the weak or timid. It is not the same as condoning a behavior. deny forgiveness leads to more suffering for us than th e offender, and the practice of forgiveness is not a one-shot deal it is a life-long discipline.

Understanding Of The Diversity Of Family Sociology Essay

Understanding Of The Diversity Of Family Sociology EssayThe key family types argon Nuclear, Extended, Reconstituted and Lone pargonnt. These atomic number 18 the family types that constitute in contemporary Britain. The basic forgo is that the family structure depends upon genial and economicalal circum spatial relations as such(prenominal) family translation is open to ethnical interpretation, norms and apprises. Whilst the family is adaptable- incessantlyywhere the last Three hundred years in Britain, the family has win overd and adapted, as we bring in moved from an agricultural federation to industrial society.Sociologist George slam Murdoch who delimitate the ecumenical Family concept statedThe thermo atomic family is a linguistic universal human mixer grouping. Either as the sole prevailing unionise of the family or as the basic unit from which more complex contrives compounded, it exists as a distinct and strongly functional group in each societyThe co ncept of the pre industrial extended family is roundwhat of a dissimulation when you contend death rates of working class families. The extended family is referred to as vertical extensions Aunts, uncles, cousins and siblings -grandp atomic number 18nts, children, and grandchildren who each live together, are referred to horizontal extensions the intimate human relationships, and are monogamous indoors the extended and nuclear family. Polygamous relationships do exist deep down extended family, although this is predominately within specific cultures and religions. Examples being in the Muslim faith the act of polygamy are still practised prolong on more there are Christian sects such as the latter day Saints who still practise polygamy, although such relationships are non legal within the European or Ameri jackpot laws.The extended family can similarly be eyeshoted as that of an extension to the nuclear family thru the inclusion of elders, such as grandparents, as ma ny a(prenominal) loan parents are female and they whitethorn well vivification or near their m another(prenominal)s, creating a matriarchal family extended unit. Extended reconstruct family, is considered to be when both opposite sex, or same sex crowings with unfree children, either marry or cohabitate thereby forming a reconstructed family over wise k at a timen as step families. Therefore it is non move that the closely rapidly growing family type is that of the Reconstructed / stepfamily. Statistic in everyy close to children stay with their mothers when their parents either divorce or separate so close children in a reconstructed family arrive at step fathers this brings in to apparent movement the amicable as opposed to the biological care and nurture. It is quite roughhewn in British contemporary society for cohabitation of unmarried parents. The just is 31% of exclusively parents as quoted (http//www.esrcsocietytoday.ac.uk/ESRCInfoCentre/PO/releases/2004/j une/stepfamilies.aspx)In contemporary society British society today Lone parenting is still predominately female orientated, even so not exclusively as there has been a steady rise in men taking on the theatrical role of solitary parenting estimates are that an aver sequence 11% of lone(prenominal) parents are now men. Attitudes in society give up miscellanead towards the lone parents. Nonetheless they are still passively ostracised from main decant society, by the media and government as being less able, and a bolt on society this is a gather in most commonly associated with conservatism as such in todays society the conservatives plan to introduce a tax that advantages the traditional stereo typical nuclear family which result in effect penalise both cohabiters and lone parents.www.telegraph.co.uk//conservative//Tories-5-billion-tax-breaks-for-married-couples-benefit-rich-most.html thus in verity stigma still exists for lone parents. Single mothers were not social ly satisfactory in pre industrialised Britain, nor early industrialised any off rebound were sent to childrens homes. There are notorious examples of how the mother and children were often treated, and can be found in Irelands History of Catholic unmarried mothers(http//www.catholicherald.co.uk/re regards/r0000523.shtml.Functionalists intendd in a theory that the nuclear family is a positive social institution. Their deal point is one of conservatism, which asserts it meets the needs of a contemporary industrial society. Functionalist underscore that the ideal family type in modern society, is that of a traditional nuclear family. Their view of the nuclear family comprises of a worker husband and stay at home wife and 2.4 children. US sociologists obtain developed this approach, in cross Murdock, Parsons and Goode. The functional perspective on the family identifies a number of functions families will characteristically carry out reproduction, socialisation, nurture, family hierarchy and family emotional deliver.Talcott Parson was a preeminent American sociologist in the 1950s who believed that the family was structured on the stabilisation of the adult family members and the socialisation of children. Based on a series of complex social structures and roles that needed to be adhered to achieve maximum family, social and cultural gaiety -The social musical arrangement consists of three strategys a personality system, a cultural system and a physical environment to which the individual and society must adjust. Parsons model of key systems and sub systems further developed to define quartet functional prerequisites these are adaptation, to a physical environment, goal attainment, the ability to behave one self and resources to achieve its goals and obtain gratification, integration, the ability to form skills and shipway to deal with differences and finally latency to achieve comparative stability. Each system consequently develops four peculi ar(prenominal)ist subsystems to be able to meet these moral and physical requirements. There four systems are cultural, social, personality and biological- these systems are further broken down to four subsystems, these being (in hierarchical order) the socialisation system, the institutions of social control and integration, the political system goal attainment and the economic system adaptation.The libber view on family is diverse, as the feminist school of apprehension has many layers from the liberal to the radical each having very contrastive perspectives on family and the impact of family on fair sex, family and society. In general all feminists have been hypercritical of the effects of family life on women however these views are dramatically polar if not diametrically opposed. Liberal feminists reject the concept that family lives are reflections of the economic structure of society. They believe that the cultural and social aspects of male/female unlikeness are ce ntral to an understanding of the feminist issues.It is fair to say that most feminists believe that the family unit oppresses women and time lags men in contribution. This is based on the teaching that society is patriarchical (male dominate) Patriarchy is defined as the combination of ideologies, cultural practices and systems which keep men in power.The three types of feminism liberal, Radical and redness pack to challenge patriarchy in different ways Liberal feminists believe that the family is in essence institutionalised sexism, because its supports the mainstream culture which is also sexist. They advocate change through legislation and education. Jennifer Somerville a Liberal feminist http//soc.sagepub.com/cgi/content/ hook/31/4/673 asserts that the Radical and Marxist feminist have failed to see in to the account the changes in society that have enabled adult female to register the work force as equals to men, nor the social changes that removed the restrictions o n females, such as child care, and the running of the home have changed. Men in society today, are far more likely be involve in the care and nurturing of their loveive children and many men now have sex the shared responsibility of caring for the child and home. The man is no interminable elevated to the top dog of the house as such equality in the home and family is being achieved.The Radical Feminist Kate Millett (Sexual Politics, 1971 argued that Sociology examines the status quo, calls it phenomena, and pretends to take no stand on it, thereby avoiding the necessity to comment on the discriminative character of the relationship amid the sex groups it studies. Yet by indisposed degrees of converting statistic to fact, function to prescription, bias to biology (or some other indeterminate) it comes to ratify and cut down what has been socially enjoined or imposed into what is and ought to be. And through its pose of objectivity, it gains a special efficacy in reinforcin g stereotypesFunctionalists, like other reactionaries, are out to assuage the family. Radical feminists view the family and men as the enemy within, which is both elusive and damaging to woman. Radical feminists believe that patriarchy is the central starting perspective of surgical incision in society. Essentially men exploit women as husbands, partners, sons and brothers. This artful relationship is reflected in the family in which women do all the work for the benefit of men thus reinforcing the capitalist buttoned-down ideology. Men are viewed as the enemy by radical feminists who have created a divide within the feminist ranks, as they believe that no female should be dominated or controlled, and the only way to achieve this, is to not participate in any sexual relationship with men.Valerie Bryson (1992) who bases her feminist philosophy as Marxist, argues all radical feminists see the oppression of women as the most fundamental and universal form of domination whilst t his view is polarised within radical feminist thinking, it cannot be seen as definitive or even based in the feminist combined ideology.The Marxist feminist perspective argues that the principle source of division in society is class therefore the exploitation of women is indispensable to the lengthiness of capitalismThe family produces and nurtures the next generation of workers at no cost pellucid cost to the capitalists system woman doing housework is an unpaid role, which benefits the capitalist, woman were also viewed as cheap labour, before the equality laws were originally implemented in Britain in 19 75 which has gone thru many iterations, and the latest sexual equality act http//www.communities.gov.uk/documents/corporate/pdf/equalityimpactassessment.pdf was published in 2007.The earliest view of the family developed from a Marxist perspective is contained in Friedrich Engelss The Origin of the Family, unavowed Property and the State (Engels, 1972, firstPublished 1884) Engels stated thatThe monogamous bourgeois nuclear family developed to help solve the problem of the inheritance of private berth men needed to know who their children were in order to pass on their property to their heirs .The family is therefore designed to control women and protect propertyFreindrich Engles views the nuclear family as a creation of capitalism, specifically designed as patriachical, its primary purpose is to ensure and perpetuate male domination and power through the male only inheritance of land and property It therefore served the interests of capitalism to keep woman economically and socially of less value to society than men. The Marxist feminist view the tasks carried out by woman as reaffirming male dominance therefore house work, child care, preparation and emotional support are seen as detrimental to woman. Women also depict the sexual and emotional support to the husband or partner, in doing so the role is seen as one of submission to the hierarch y of the male head of family. Christine Delphy and Diana Leonard described the everyday situation of family as familiar exploitation however every example could be seen as simply supportive and part of a loving relationship.Todays family in contemporary Britain is made up of different family groups, cultures, ethnicity, class and economic status. There are more isolated nuclear families, which have either migrated to Britain, or moved geographically within Britain families who will have their own norms and value, based on cultural, religious, class or economic science which they will bring with them, and incorporate in to their new life. Lone parents who work, as well as mothers from the traditional nuclear families who work, as a monetary necessity or a career option. Same sex parents, who now have the same marriage and parenting adepts as heterosexual parents. More plenty live together before marriage, children born outside marriage all of these are now norms and values soci ally and culturally. Family and the definition of whats constitutes family and who actually benefits from the family has not changed. We create life and then teach our children. Families provide the care and nurturing native to the learning of who we are, and where we form, what has changed is the is open to personal need and interpretation. Essentially the choices of how family is defined are to fluid in their nature and to diverse, to be able to any other than a personal preference of how to live. Nor should government or society be so prescriptive and controlling to impose.In reviewing the different family types, mainly all have positives and negatives however when reviewing Murdochs assertion that every society had a form of the nuclear family , this was incorrect, as both Nayar and Kibbutz proved that the function of family can be performed equally in a society other than the western defined confines of the nuclear family structure. Different cultures, values and norms, creat e variations of family and also come out of the closet different importance on the family status in society. In todays society we have many variations of family, same sex families, same sex lone parents, and same sex adoption. As such the traditional term of family is utilize incorrectly as an outdated social ideal. The world has changed and the attitudes to parenting specifically in Britain have changed. There have been several world-shaking social developments which have brought about changes in social norms and values.The supporters of the nuclear family believe the benefits of the nuclear family are its conservative core norms, and values which underpin the moral, wellbeing of society. They also consider anything else as a failed form of the nuclear family. The traditional roles of men as the breadwinner, and woman as the happy and fulfilled house wife, staying at home, sounding after the children is the theme they most project. The Media use this image of happy family relat ionship, between all ages groups, every day in concepts and products, actively promoting the nuclear family as the social aspiration to happiness, success and fulfilment- the paradox is that in reality many mothers and fathers in todays society, have no choice, because it not a financially operable option, as they would not be able to house or support their selves or their child/children with just one salary. Moreover the woman may be the chief breadwinner, and the husband would then have to embrace role reversal in the nuclear family and be a stay at home dad there has been an increase in men staying at home to fulfil the role of house husband, however it is still predominately a female responsibility to care for or arrange alternative care, for children in the nuclear family.The pre industrialised class and economic status had a significant effect on who lived or died an example being if the family was wealthy a land owner, they may well have a more good environment in which to increase their chances of survival, although they were still affected by such diseases as the Black Death (Yesinia pestis ) which over a period of two years killed between 30-40% of the entire population of England in both 1348 and 1605. in two ways as many poor children died as rich children the poor in the country were at the mercy of poor harvests, bad weather famine and infections. Also fatalities were higher in the towns where sanitation and overcrowding in poor areas encourage the spread of the virus. Given that the pre industrial pre-plague population of England was in the range of 5-6 one million million people, fatalities may well have exceeded or reached as high as 2 million. Urbanisation or isolation neither could supply the basic needs of the poor, so its unlikely that any child surviving the age of sixteen had an extended family, due to the circumstances that they were born in too.Their functionalist view of the family is ideological and unrealistic, as it does not represent a reality of ever changing family, cultural, economical and demographic factors of life and work If nothing else the functionalist view can be seen as a plausible aspiration for some conservative idealists it is however not a viable option for all family types. as from a Marxist perspective, the fact that its wrapped in grammatical gender and equality issues and that the feminists have such diverse diametrically viewpoints yet have also provided the vehicle for such positives changes in womens rights and social equality, it has to be held up as the champion of woman, yet also recognised as having do its job. Over the last 100 years in England, woman from all classes, ethnicity and culture have gained the right to vote in the last 50 years working class woman gained entry to university, the right to divorce, and the right to birth control. These changes have impacted society to its very core contend the definition of the nuclear family and the society it fits int o.Religion is slower to change its views on the Nuclear and industrial vision of the nuclear family for instance where the Catholic church is politically, ideologically and (possibly) economically powerful, the promotion of marriage, and the ban on contraception have significant consequences for the family, in terms of such things as size, house servant violence, traditional male/female roles. This ensures the women are still disenfranchised and that freedom of woman still exists in contemporary modern society. In todays society family is a hot topic. In last 60 years, there has been significant social and cultural change. There is however multiple issues as the pace of change has not be controlled or understood before being implemented.In conclusion its difficult to blithely wrap family in to one perspective, the reality is that there is no ideal family unit and common sense, pragmatism, social, cultural and economical factors must all be taken in to consideration. The western c apitalist perspective of the nuclear family, extended family, same sex family or lone parent, do not necessarily translate to other cultures or societies. Equally the views of the feminists do not agree on female equality, or the emancipation and disenfranchisement of woman in todays society. Young girls and boys nurtured by their parents will determine the values and norms relating to their roles in latter life. Woman do have self conclusion in Britain today this provides the choices necessary on how they live their lives, be that in a nuclear family, in a same sex relationship or as a lone parent. If is impossible to make a definitive choice, as what benefits to the family as a whole, is to provide equal partnership, respect for both genders and a secure loving environment- in saying that domestic violence, drugs alcohol could all present as negatives. The liberal feminist stance resonant as the most pragmatic and balanced view whilst the radicals and Marxist feminist views are polarised in a gender war.

Teaching English In Kindergarten Education Essay

T for each oneing position In Kindergarten Education EssayIf piety is to draw off root in both mans heart, it must(prenominal) be engrafted while he is tranquil progeny if we wish any to be virtuous we must consume him in early youth if we wish him to make great come along in the persuit of wisdom , we must direct his faculties towards it in infancy, when desire burn , when taught is swift and when memory is tenacious.The process of culture is one of the closely all in all important(predicate) and complex of all human endeavors. A popular notion is that command is carried out by one person, a trainer, standing in wait of the class and transmitting information to a group of scholars who be unforced to absorb it. This view simplifies what is a highly complex process involving an complicated inter snap between the skill process itself, the teachers intentions and actions, the singular in the flesh(predicate)ities of the learners, their background, and so forthThi s enquiry paper aims to forget a coherent psychological fashion model that get out help langu maturate teachers to make connections between the process of scholarship and the making of decision in the classroom of kindergarten. In order to do so, it is necessary to adopt a particular approach to psychology which will be reformatory at the moment of commandment English to children.The infantile education across the years has been extending this field of action to children. For the 4 and 5-year-old children, kindergarten has morose into an i throne area where to percent get on with the game and the cultivation with other children. The progresses reached in the skills and skills motorboats focus their behavior.English schooling in kindergarten has become a phenomenon to education. The most standing points are the capacities to learn a new address rapidly. Children use different types of mental resources to incorporate quarrel and subject matters. They do interpretation s of the comprehended and observed most them and this relation is notable with the new style. As a consequence, children increase their guardianship and their autonomy increase as well. Another essential aspect at this train is listening skill considered as essential to encourage the memory board of information and actions which they consider to be childrens own childhood.Teaching English to children who have not yet reached a offset grade age presents challenges which whitethorn not be so noticeable at first. It is the young children who exhibit voracity and aptitude for assimilating English which definitely diminishes with age. In light of this, there are several facets to bear in intellect which will make teaching this special age bracket all the to a greater extent rewarding.Very young children may overmuch not storage area that teacher does not understand what they are saying, and may be truly puzzled that neither hatful they make this strange adult nail their cha tter, nor make head or tail of what is being directed at them. , but their willingness to please and draw outive body nomenclature easily makes up for any frustrations. Incorporating several key themes into every lesson plan will maximize learning and make merryment potential for all.Meeting the phraseology development necessitate of much(prenominal) culturally and linguistically diverse students is challenging for teachers. A collateral, student-centered surround will assist the linguistic communication development of all students. Such an environs, which determine and accepts students deliverys, cultures and go acrosss as the foundation for instruction, will support and nurture each students nomenclature acquisition and development. Teachers who are aware of students sociolinguistic backgrounds do-nothing assess individual linguistic competence and assist students in developing English abilities in familiar and non-threatening contexts. Students are more likely to ex periment with language and take risks during independent and collaborative language activities if they perceive their languages, cultures and experiences as significant, and if they recognize that their peers and teachers share this perception.It is important to say that teachers have not been trained to teach English in kindergarten. However, Kindergarten and elementary school teachers play a vital fictitious character in the development of children. What children learn and experience during their early years can shape their views of themselves and the world and can affect their later success or failure in school, make up, and their personal lives. Kindergarten and elementary school teachers introduce children to mathematics, language, science, and brotherly studies. They use games, music, artwork, films, books, computers, and other tools to teach basic skills.Teachers play an important manipulation in fostering the apt and social development of children during their formativ e years. The education that students acquire is key to determining the future of those students. Whether in elementary or high schools or in private or public schools, teachers provide the tools and the environment for their students to develop into responsible adults.STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMThe importance of teaching English in kindergarten as well as the importance of teachers powerThe focal point of this research is to hold the significance of teaching English in Kindergarten due to the fact that teachers have not been trained to deal in this level nor the use of methodologies in the process of learning. Also, it aims to take regard the teachers work.OBJECTIVESThe goal of this study isTo understand how children acquire a siemens languageTo appreciate English teachers roleTo describe the methodologies to teach in kindergarten.To appreciate the importance of teaching English to children for future levels.SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDYThis research is about how a new language is lea rned in kindergarten. I believe that this information about findings and theoretical views in second gear language acquisition can make a better judge and proponents of discordant language teaching methods. Such information can help to estimate moment to moment of reflections about our children in kindergarten and teachers teaching a second language in this level. Also this work focuses in knowing the symptomatics of the 4 and 5-year-old children of age during the process of learning. How incredibly is seeing children to manage to be orientated and to be located without having problems with what it concerns the language.HYPOTHESISTeaching English in kindergarten is practical to fail because ofLack of teaching training in kindergartenLack of methods and resources to teach in kindergartenChapter IIBACKGROUNDTeaching English in kindergarten must be as motivating as possible. Teachers should work with children taking into story their autonomy, curiosity, their capacity, and their willingness to do, say, listen, everything at the same epoch. The classes must take countersink in an environment full of motivation for children to acquire confidence in themselves.It is through with(predicate) play that much of childrens early learning is get hold ofd. The physical, socio-emotional and intellectual development of children is dependent upon activity. Therefore, chance for play is a key aspect of the Kindergarten program. The program builds on, rather than detracts from, this inhering approach to learning. finished touching, manipulating, exploring and testing, children find out about the world about them. Through interacting with other children and adults, they find out about themselves and their relationship to others. Through play, children imitate adults and experiment with what it means to be a caregiver, a fisher, a firefighter, a doctor and so on. Through play, they learn how to net problems and work cooperatively with others.The features of the r oom of roleplaying area receptive and supportive environment for learningmaterials and equipment designed to provide for multi-level and multi-content experiencesinstruction based on the individual charters of each childan integration of modalitys of learning with understandings to be developeda total learning environment which provides for alternating(a) ways of learning play, games, sensory education, concrete manipulation and physical exponentiationemphasis on language development.For the purpose of this study it is necessary to discover important authors as guidesAge of acquisitionWe now turn to a learner characteristic of a different type age. This is a characteristic which is easier to define and measure than personality, aptitude or motivation. Nevertheless, the relationship between a learners age and his or her potential for success in second language acquisition is the subject of much lively debate.Chomsky makes a distinction between acquisition and learning explaining that It has been widely observe that children from immigrate families leveltually speak the language of their new community with native-like fluency. Their parents rarely achieve such(prenominal) high levels of mastery of the new language. Adult second language learners may become very capable of communicating successfully in the language, but there will always be differences of accent, word select or grammatical features which set them apart from native speakers who began learning the language while they were very young.One explanation is that as in first language acquisition there is a deprecative period for second language acquisition, the CRITICAL PERIOD HYPOTHESIS suggests that there is a m in human development when the brain is predisposed for success in language learning. Language learning which occur after the end of the critical period may not be based on the connatural structures believed to contribute to first language acquisition in early childhood. Rather, fourt h-year learners depend on more general learning abilities.According to Chomsky, learning take place in a formal environment where the learner depends on the teachers and learns form him/her.Another important author is Piaget who claimed that individuals are actively involved right from birth in constructing personal meaning, their own personal understanding, from their experiences. In other words, everyone makes their own sense of the world and the experiences around them.Piaget himself was chiefly interested in the way in which people came to know things as they developed from infancy to adulthood. Thus, his theory is one which is action based, more pertain with the process of learning.Piagets theory is based in learners passing through a series of stagesSensori-motor stage for the young infant, the most important way of exploring the environment is considered by Piaget to be through the basic senses.Intuitive or pre- available stage between the ages of 2 and 7. This is when the childs thoughts become more flexible and when memory and imagination begin to play a part. cover operational stage between the age of 7 and the formal operational stage.Piagets staged do have a message for the language teacher. When teaching young learners, we should not expect them to have reached the stage of plagiarize reasoning nd therefore should not expect them to apply this to variety out the rules of the language. It is more important to provide experiences in the target language which are related o aspects of the childs own world.An master thinker in his own right, Bruner extended aspects of Piagetian theory to suggesting that terzetto different modes of thinking needed to be taken into account by educators. These he termed the enactive, the iconic and symbolic modes of thought. These three categories are considered by Bruner to counterbalance the essential ways in which children make sense of their experiences through their actions, by means of visual imagery and by u sing language.The enactive level learning takes place by means of direct manipulation of objects and materials.The iconic level objects are represented by visual images one step remote from the real thing.The symbolic level symbols can be manipulated in place of objects or mental images.How children of 4 and 5 areKindergarten children, no proposition what their cultural and experiential background, have characteristics in common with other children of their age and characteristics that are particularly their ownSocio-emotional DevelopmentChildren develop socially and emotionally during the Kindergarten year. At the beginning of the year some children may be timid and appear to lack initiative. However, as they come to know the situation, the teachers and peers, they usually bring home the bacon confidence and begin to establish friendships and become an active part of the class. different children may be too assertive prior to learning from experience more appropriate ways of r elating to peers. It is a time of testing and exploring social relationships.Kindergarten children are eager to be trusted with responsibility. They appreciate going on errands, using proper tools, participating with grown-ups in such activities as cooking, legal transfer things from home, and suggesting solutions to practical problems. Although there are some senses in which Kindergarten students are muted egocentric (that is, tied to their own view of things) they are likewise able, in a suitable group environment, to be of help to each other.They can show considerable empathy toward people and animals when their own needs do not conflict with the needs of others. When helpfulness is noticed, modeled and encouraged by the teacher, helpful behavior is likely to become more common in the classroom. Kindergarten children are developing a sense of independence but are also learning to work cooperatively with others.Kindergarten children are more stable socio-emotionally than they w ere as preschoolers. They are developing a good sense of humour, which they express by delighting in nonsense and playing with language. They may develop specific fears, such as the fear of death, and mistakenly assume that they have caused such events as their parents separating. Kindergarten students take criticism, name calling and teasing very seriously because they di fluidery think that what is said exists in reality at its face value. visible DevelopmentPhysical activity is one common characteristic of Kindergarten children, although children go away a great deal in the development of physical skills and abilities. just about children are slow and cautious about trying new things others seem to accept any challenge that is presented. Most Kindergarten children are full of energy, lively to run, swing, climb and jump, and are eager to try their strength by touching big blocks or boxes. They are developing a sense of rhythm, and ravish such activities as marching, jumpin g or clapping to music. These group activities need to be short and allow for more participation than standing. Required phlegm is more exhausting and stressful for most Kindergarten students than movement.Sensory development is uneven. The coordination of the eyeball and other senses are still developing. Physical growth has slowed down. It is a time of consolidating gains and developing fine motor control. However, over-emphasis on fine motor activities such as writing, cutting and making very discrete visual discriminations may result in tension and frustration.Intellectual DevelopmentKindergarten children love to talk. Their intellectual development is reflected in the rapid growth of vocabulary and the power to express ideas. They are developing visual and auditory memory and the ability to listen to others. Their ears are keen but they still need help in distinguishing sounds, although they can pick up another language and accurately imitate other peoples intonations and inf lections. They are especially keen to acquire new words (the names of dinosaurs, for example) and to use such words as infinity and trillion. Kindergarten children invite opportunities to be inventive with language, to play with rhyming, to joke, to explain things to each other and even to argue.Opportunities to talk about what they do, what they see and what they hear help children construct meaning and learn from their experiences. The language and ideas shared by others enable children to gradually cabal and attach meaning to their daily observations and activities.Kindergarten children have a powerful press out to find out about things, to figure things out. They ask many questions, often deep unanswerable questions and they love to play guessing games or solve riddles. Their curiosity leads them to figure out concepts and relationships, and become interested in symbols. They enjoy listening to stories, but they do not learn very much from passive attention to the teacher or mere listening to information. The intellectual growth of Kindergarten students comes from exploration, testing and investigating rather than only from listening.The children are still figuring out the properties of objects and are not yet able to wrick operations, that is, to understand that 250 ml of water in a tall specify glass and 250 ml of water in a large, flat cooking pan are equal in volume. Their reasoning, from an adult perspective, is still illogical. Happenings that occur in concert are thought to have a causal relationship to each other, for example, Because I wore my new shoes, it rained.

The Importance Placed On Material Possessions English Language Essay

The Importance Placed On Material Possessions English Language Essay1) Are young raft in your country more genuineistic than they were in the previous(prenominal)? If so, do you think is a good or bad thing? If non, what argon they more interested in?2) Think of a t take or family in your country that you know quite well and ace the description of that place with the usage of both neutral and colorful row to dedicate your story interesting.IntroductionMaterialism is the importance placed on material possessions. Some whiz with a high aim of materialism, described as mer lottile, considers material possessions to be central to their life and their identity, and focuses a good stack of their energy on acquiring possessions. Someone with a low level of materialism, described as non-materialistic, or not materialistic, does not consider acquiring possessions to be roleicularly important, although they vary in the extent to which they acquire material possessions in order to meet other objectives, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as tender acceptance.ANSWER QUESTION 1Nowadays have half mountain like past populate ar not materialistic, alone bland have half people not like in the past and they are so materialistic. In todays society, materialism takes part in e very(prenominal) persons life, no matter what social class they are. The idea of being materialistic tin can be considered immoral, precisely at that place is a fine zephyr in the midst of morality and personal interests, so now is to see the people In the past, people are not in competition with one another, because in the past people is more stable life, they feel that in that location is sufficient enough to eat and enough to stay are already satisfy, moreover And they forget not buy a dope of items not worth things. But nowadays people but now at that place is outgrowth materialistic, analogous to buy items not worth a lot, turn over very materialistic. I think now society peop le fail so materialistic is a bad thing. Because material impact on society is a complex issue. Materialism can be defined as a desire to pursue wealth and other significant things that can provision, ignoring the importance of spiritual values, the dominance of material comfort. This substance is characterized by the people for property, greed, the tendency to become rich quickly, even if it involves a lot of risk. It likewise includes a desire to live in mansions, wearing very expensive clothes, jewelry and driving flashy cars. In short, I deport to live in luxury.Effects of Materialism on Society is materialism and greed lead to personal satisfaction with social life echoed many an(prenominal) of the most important aspect. Mood, make because of materialism, greed, the economic problems caused by the very world. The true(a) problem may not be so simple, but it may be one of the reasons here. Greed is not confined to money, and the acquisition of power. Where there is po wer, corruption is imminent. One other negative emotions, desires, selfishness, jealousy, a lot of loss of sensation of materialism, to make people forget their moral values, often do not understand the difference between the moreover difference between the crime is an important choice. Good quality and comfort is wrong. They believe that everything well-nigh is the environment, their beliefs are to provide the human need is based on the conclusions of lore they have lost faith in God, because they refused to believe anything, we can not see or hear or touch is the worst. on that pointfore, they come to the crimes attached after their senses. at that placefore, the materialism, the negative impact of user groups.Suggestions for Restructuring our Society is we still make our world towards a better run. Therefore, we need to find purpose in our lives. Everyone needs to make rough changes to his views. We lack from the material world itself. This will allow the two sides, with o r without the material things we have, we want happiness. This will enable us to think, If I put a good thing, but if I did not understand I said, it does not matter. This is not so easy, we want to set a friendly spirit, but not impossible task. Gave us the economic rough stage some valuable lessons. As a result, the whole world, we can go buy a couple of days, but we are still in our power to survive difficult circumstances, the real thing. We are very pleased that we can not lose ourselves, behave our families. Than the material things of life more important than others do. We must give contribute priority to execute hard, not every fast way to success. There is truth, honesty and hard work meaning, can give us a very satisfying relationship. We need to improve our reality, rather than the substance of knowledge. In our non-material aspects of life is the principal(prenominal) reason is lack of understanding, not merely individuals, but as a social collective. Spirituality can help us understand our true identity. If we lose the wealth of alternative, but if we lose ourselves, we can not be replaced. You can also refer to the creation of the guess for more information. A practical solution to these problems, whether economic or otherwise, can be obtained by introspection. We can find out what caused the problems we face, but we are today. Fixed out of the material world of their own, recognizing that true self in your sleep. This is to prevent the real growth in the community mental block. in the long run they more interested is money to materialistic. Because young people feel that money can buy to meet their own, such as cars, clothes, trousers, watches, shoes, mobile phones, photograph games. Some younger love to buy marker- find out, not the brand name with no interest, they feel that is good with good to have intercourse with a brand name, giving a new generation of young people to be adversely affected.ANSWER QUESTION 2Cameron mountainous w as named after and observe in 1885 by an English man named William Cameron during a survey proceeding in the Titiwangsa Mountain Range. Forging a path through the cloudy vegetation, he finally reached a magnificent and sublime plateau shut up in the mountains. From then on, the British colonists recognized its potential for maturation tea, a precious commodity then. Over date, townships began to sprout around Cameron uplands as the tea plantations grew. After Malaysias independence, its popularity as a highland vacation adjourn steadily rose (Though the idea was already implanted in 1925 by British Official Sir George Maxwell). Today, it is a popular tourer destination to tour on holiday, due to it cooling atmosphere, serene environment and picturesque scenery. The Cameron Highlands is part of Pahang state, though most entry points, via Tapah and Simpang Pulai, lie in Perak state. From Ringlet to Brinchang, the Cameron Highlands is in general cooling throughout the year, enabling visitors to enjoy a holiday here anytime. In terms of culture, the Chinese make up the largest community in Cameron Highlands, running most of the businesses and plantations in the valley. Indians and Malays from the next two largest communities with similiar economic activities. There are also a large number of labourers from Bangladesh and Myanmmar, who come to work the studys of tea and vegetables. Finally, you can also find tourists from places like atomic number 63 and Asia that have decided to settle down in the Cameron Highlands and call it their home.Cameron Highlands is the nevertheless holiday destination in Malaysia where strawberries are grown and harvested commercially. The strawberry farms set here are also fall in for visitors, making them one of the cover version tourist attractions in Cameron Highlands. The farms are great places for shopping products made from strawberries, such as jams and tarts. The best season to enjoy strawberries is usually from April till June, the driest months. The Cameron Highland tea plantations are its hallmark of fame and one of the reasons why this place is so popular as a holiday destination among locals even. tea leaf plantations carpeting the surrounding valleys in a fine layer of yellow honey oil tea leaves, and most of them are open to tourists and visitors who can purchase their own tea bags, watch workers pluck tea as well as enjoy a simmering hot cup of tea with scones. Tea was the reason William Cameron saw potential and founded this valley, which eventually became Malaysias top highland holiday destination. The Night Market in Brinchang is an important fixture in the time table of Cameron Highlands. Also called Pasar Malam, which means night bazaar, the Brinchang Night Markets takes place of Friday and Saturday nights, during roseola tourist seasons and national holidays or festivals, the night market will open throughout the week in response to the good business and engorge of visito rs from Kuala Lumpur, Singapore and all over. The Bee Farms in Cameron Highlands allow visitors and tourists to see how honey is cultivated here from bees on a moderate scale. The delicious nectar is harvested from the combs made by bees that are housed in an elevated wooden box. One such honey bee farm is located near Ringlet, in a unavowed corner reached from a narrow alley branching off the main road.If you want to shoot landscapes at Cameron Highland, I can introduction some beautiful place to shoot. Boh Tea is the largest tea producer in the Cameron Highlands. Like Bharat, it also has two terra firmas, but most people will only visit the Sungai Palas estate in Brinchang. The other tea field lies near Ringlet in a place called Habu. The Boh Tea estate in Sungai Palas is an awesome place to visit, with fields of tea growing around hills that seem to stretch for miles. As this is the highest tea estate in the Cameron Highlands, mist creeping over the landscape is a common featu re. The road will end at a T-junction right leads to Boh Tea place while left goes all the way up to Gunung Brinchang. Boh also has the only factory open for visitors to look and marvel at the processes and methods used in the production of tea. In the Lake field is a stunning colonial architecture of the slender ring of the boutique hotel. This is the second most expensive place to stay the night in the Cameron Highlands. Price range is matched only in the Cameron Highlands Resort Tanah Rata and Brinchang than between. Asian tourists, however, this colonial mansion living digging, because it evokes a smell of living in Europe. In the small ring, located in the Lake House Hotel for the dam but there are some dark, dense woods looking for it in the background. In addition, there are many tourist attractions in Cameron Highlands.Finally, In the Cameron Highlands is a beautiful, cool weather and climate is a good place. As Cameron and more tourist attractions, so there are big fes tivals and holidays, many people will choose to Cameron over a holiday, especially to a hot summer day, people will choose to Cameron summer.Conclusion RecommendationCameron Highlands is the smallest district in the state of Pahang which is located in the north-western corner of the state. One of the wonders of Malaysia, it is the largest and most famous hill resort in the country. This highland paradise still retains much of the charm of an English village. cosmos a primarily agricultural domain, you will find an abundance of vegetables and fruits farms here. Cameron Highlands is also the leading producer of flowers and tea in Malaysia. Be prepared for a lovely sight of extraordinary flowers you wont see flourishing elsewhere in Malaysia At Cameron Highland can feel very enjoy and relax.BibliographCameron Highland, online, retrieved 12 March 2011 fromhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron_HighlandsCameron Highland Strawberry Farm, online, retrieved 12 March 2011 fromhttp//www.straw berryparkresorts.com/about-the-resort.htmlCameron Highland Lakehouse, online, retrieved 12 March 2011 fromhttp//www.lakehouse-cameron.com/index.php

Studies on the Production of Fruits in India

Studies on the Production of Fruits in IndiaStudies on the production of fruits in India with special reference to Jammu and KashmirAbstractFruits provide desirable health benefits at any rate nutrition due to presence of assorted essential vitamins and minerals. Many outstanding antioxidants be present in fruits that help the body to constantly scrub up the toxic wastes. They boost the immunity and provide resistance against various ailments and certain chronic diseases. They have cracking potential to increase the stinting impact of the state, country at local, national and international level. India is the second largest producer of fruits in the manhood with production of 81.29 zillion metric tonnes from an field of operations of 6.98 million hect atomic number 18s for the year 2012-13. Jammu and Kashmir, the northern most state of India have different environmental and topographical conditions than rest of the country, produces many horticultural products. It is the lar gest producer of apples in India, 77% of apple production in India belongs to Jammu and Kashmir. After return considerable losings occur due to ignorance, method of storage, military positionharvest handling and absence of postharvest processing. Awareness most nutritional, environment and economic valves, improved cultivation, use of appropriate postharvest handling strategies are important to minimize the losses.Keywords antioxidant, area, production, postharvest, horticultureIntroductionNutritional importance of fruitsFruits contain a number of essential minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers and play essential role in human nutrition especially as a source of ascorbic venereal infection (vitamin C), thiamine (vitamin B1), niacin (vitamin B3), pyridoxine (vitamin B6), folacin (vitamin B9), tocopherol (vitamin E), riboflavin (vitamin A), calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, super C (Wargovich, 2000). There contribution is estimated at 91% of vitamin C, 48% of thiamine, 30% of folaci n, 27% of pyridoxine, 17% of vitamin B1, 15% of vitamin B3, 19% of Iron, 16% of magnesium, 9% of calories (Quebedeaux and Elis, 1990 Kader, 2001).Fruits and vegetables in human diet are strongly associated with the reduced risk of send wordcer, cardiovascular diseases, Alzheimer disease, cataracts, strokes and another(prenominal) chronic diseases (Prior and Cao, 2000 secondon, 2000 Liu, 2003). Some components of fruits and vegetables are strong antioxidants and function in metabolic activation and detoxification of various carcinogens (Kader, 2001).Economic importance of fruitsIndia comprises several agro-ecological regions with diverse ground and climate types, which provide an ample opportunity to grow variety of crops. A considerable degree of crop diversification has been experienced since the green revolution. The turn in cropping pattern is towards the horticultural and commercial crops (Mittal, 2007). Horticultural crops form profound part of total farming(a) producti on of the country and are recognize drivers of economic development. In India 65-70% of the population earns their livelihood through agriculture (Economic survey, 2007-08). Fruits cave in around 31% of horticultural production (Vedamurthy and Pandey, 2010). The increase in municipal and international demand for fruits in increasing daytime by day thereby increasing the economic importance of fruits. Contribution of horticultural crops towards agricultural GDP was about 29.5% for the year 2007-08 (Economic survey, 2007-08).Fruit Production in IndiaIndia is the human races second largest producer of fruits after Brazil that contributes 11.80% of the total worlds fruit production with a production of 68.46 million tonnes from an area of 6.10 million hectares annually (Kumar and Singh, 2010). In India the study fruit producing states are Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, westbound Bengal, Bihar, Gujarat, Punjab, Orissa and Utter PradeshFactors leading to decrease in fruit pro ductionThe major losses of fruits are estimated at 35-40% due to improper post harvest management that is about 40,000 crores per year. It so causes the wastage of energy, labour and inputs involved in horticultural production (Nayak and Mukhopadhyay, 2008). So there is a strong need for the post harvest management of these perishable fruits. Post harvest management strategies are applied to the horticultural produce after harvest to increase their ledge life during storage, processing, packaging and marketing to meet the nutritional requirements of the people.Majors that can be taken to overcome the lossesTable 1 innovation fruit production in metric tonnesFruit19701980199020002010Afghanistan794,600816,730645,870706,224847,900Albania118,400151,400167,782141,489370,192Algeria1,995,0711,201,968978,6641,428,1023,535,544American Samoa3,8501,6421,4631,9821,440Angola430,000427,000405,000447,000608,100Antigua and Barbuda6,7498,5408,5119,5188,570genus Argentina5,217,4236,353,1405,881,2047 ,174,1147,445,843Armenia......244,352351,405Australia2,114,3282,168,1552,384,1813,084,3293,312,766Austria1,096,9631,082,399964,1441,091,955734,800Azerbaijan......553,959891,021Bahamas9,17512,40911,07726,31237,000Bahrain17,58042,00010,15021,46522,090Bangladesh1,407,4391,304,3581,332,4901,361,0003,954,957Barbados2,4902,6102,8502,5604,090Belarus......299,100790,071Belgium......786,210571,630Belize35,40583,428141,662381,421376,790Benin121,300142,300180,662163,023398,700Bermuda565500300336370Bhutan23,35029,45064,53564,71060,900Bolivia469,540555,635783,195999,658944,470Bosnia and Herzegovina......80,273321,265Botswana6,3189,15011,54510,6005,920Brazil11,465,72819,473,79729,823,59236,986,74239,286,781British Virgin Islands309550180440520Brunei Darussalam3,4454,8105,0246,1337,535Bulgaria2,300,7761,897,5971,649,569739,549396,332Burkina Faso41,60055,20069,83190,95496,450 Burundian1,247,0001,168,0001,633,0001,598,146238,464Cambodia270,050122,340239,050321,700355,900Cameroon983,4571,713,3401,756 ,8961,994,1513,878,820Canada628,394795,589772,777823,210668,968Cape Verde13,82412,60014,61516,77820,800Cayman Islands516583314558325Central African Republic129,820168,800201,900259,399274,550Chad83,00092,000106,42398,068117,500Chile1,061,2401,633,5882,638,9803,890,1705,673,600mainland China4,973,7108,416,03020,952,15564,503,111122,184,944Colombia2,761,1003,897,1504,676,9966,851,0397,989,940Comoros28,00035,60051,13262,61547,800Congo68,700113,070135,844222,622263,800Congo, DR2,134,5002,627,6003,450,8442,426,7812,540,724Cook Islands15,85012,5254,7823,6771,526Costa Rica1,299,2101,337,7642,410,2663,810,7864,620,366Croatia......540,881458,235Cuba306,012853,4671,535,5262,251,1141,794,869Cyprus432,319344,802393,246282,984185,661Czech Republic......562,195181,221Cte dIvoire1,001,3521,464,5481,569,7202,347,1172,187,000Denmark163,961146,608102,26854,84068,500Djibouti001,9563,4573,185Dominica63,10035,76096,77169,80553,830Dominican Republic1,169,6591,340,1001,599,9801,032,3242,196,055Ecuador3,78 1,5423,966,5104,524,8257,670,5069,292,075Egypt1,450,3302,284,1354,617,5396,966,1249,581,146El Salvador194,450251,282291,084302,098439,319equatorial Guinea13,50010,50040,60051,03969,200Eritrea......3,8004,400Estonia......26,5385,071Ethiopia......703,202683,500Fiji8,61210,68512,84618,00618,628Finland62,700104,00021,09218,66116,793France17,040,99514,601,26711,942,96511,265,3558,691,815French Guiana4,5402,0216,76315,70717,610French Polynesia2,5443,1717,7419,72815,483Gabon123,300190,900240,001294,226324,710Gambia3,0003,5003,5175,6078,600Georgia......471,917260,000Germany5,367,7814,750,8074,854,9345,290,5382,200,529Ghana1,034,097978,300923,9002,391,4204,363,630Greece3,003,0943,519,9173,922,6074,151,4863,230,090Grenada34,25527,51825,81116,63114,600Guadeloupe132,28088,577116,416142,66187,390Guam7471,0891,8732,3803,220Guatemala659,100753,7911,150,5171,973,3933,951,700Guinea545,000673,100855,803997,3101,218,700Guinea-Bissau36,70046,75061,40379,88887,050Guyana42,16732,71050,24973,96333,615Hait i799,8001,003,6001,016,1711,005,481976,660Honduras1,499,9231,646,2271,388,235783,2811,357,185Hungary2,030,4322,531,2152,306,9011,726,6741,124,272Iceland1310111730India15,786,68020,357,39727,717,10443,000,88084,791,100Indonesia3,576,0004,268,2145,973,0438,412,93014,867,762Iran1,784,7253,144,1257,163,55412,287,68412,126,041Iraq542,8801,155,0201,523,0301,739,2001,094,014Ireland32,50023,20023,00026,33448,170Israel1,548,4751,926,1602,002,7461,263,2691,278,486Italy19,349,13821,429,44317,112,38117,989,61916,907,895Jamaica396,869332,255360,046425,044363,608Japan5,552,9006,227,9004,905,6913,820,8902,898,550Jordan61,37086,155255,408238,727279,918Kazakhstan......263,490222,110Kenya534,1101,126,6101,303,6362,148,1182,933,336Kiribati3,3704,5305,0005,6499,400Korea, North218,000848,0001,305,0001,333,1571,559,200Korea, South429,259933,4061,917,4592,625,5722,733,554Kuwait4701,1131,93311,25018,353Kyrgyzstan......188,139197,601Laos75,65090,300128,500192,967238,200Latvia......53,99214,608Lebanon561,776 721,1001,185,000845,600976,290Lesotho14,00015,00017,70914,50014,700Liberia98,020120,200106,779170,662208,700Libya82,132179,145311,644314,710386,050Liechtenstein12070130156180Lithuania......112,50047,719Luxembourg......33,63226,652Macedonia......407,811452,643Madagascar623,775733,033796,700890,600941,460Malawi260,000374,950481,428755,4981,032,600Malaysia865,300938,0731,108,6381,210,7331,144,862Maldives6,0507,9006,3509,56010,051Mali98,100124,800155,060251,993814,100Malta11,87110,56313,7296,45710,085Martinique184,928116,929284,295355,478208,860Mauritania17,30015,20012,08724,90023,000Mauritius8,9483,5838,37013,07621,285Mexico4,478,9707,617,4699,371,18313,306,46015,255,598Micronesia, FM......3,0883,830Moldova......953,163792,435Mongolia2,2503,200400255578Montenegro........74,338Montserrat1,129800629880830Morocco1,466,6201,670,8002,008,8422,680,7703,292,411Mozambique304,470322,500381,400290,768368,810Myanmar707,502806,590950,3421,416,0002,135,100Namibia6,5008,0009,83916,41342,225Nauru1402 00255336340Nepal112,000135,000413,310844,6331,276,791Netherlands678,466618,730561,700710,936671,390New Caledonia9,00011,6342,5763,7233,733New Zealand241,574356,774

The Unexpected Downside of Science Explored in Aldous Huxleys Brave Ne

The Unexpected Downside of Science Explored in Aldous Huxleys hold out sore solid groundSince the first day that humans were put on this earth, they carry been curious and have searched for ways to become more efficient. Throughout the eld they have created tools to better serve them, created clothing to keep them warm, built homes to nurse them from the elements, and produced transportation methods to transport them across the world. In Aldous Huxleys Brave rude(a) World (1932), the human speed has evolved to being extremely efficient in everything that they do. This efficacy includes producing new human beings. Science has taken over and altered the society. judge not having a family to care for you or you for them. In Huxleys book, giving family to a baby was simply not done. In Huxleys new world, babies were produced sort of than being born from a mother. These babies were then physically and mentally fledged according to their set task in life. They were created acco rding to what position they would take on in life. From the time that they were produced, they were conditioned to the likes of what they were to do and only that. They were taught to like what they had and not want anything else. Because of this conditioning, everyone had a place in society and together, everyone created a happy society.In Huxleys book, when two people decide to think otherwise than the rest of society, they are sent away to islands. Then when a mortal who was born outside of this new society was placed into it, he could not adapt and tried to escape from it. The new society, however, would not leave the outlander alone, so the outsiders only escape from the new world was death.The advancement of recognition altered the culture of humans in Ald... ...of society that John could find.Aldous Huxleys Brave New World describes what could become of our present society if we let comprehension take over. We live in a society filled with do, hate, enjoyment and sad ness. We have people to care more or less and people that care about us. Humans always look for more efficient ways to stand by them in their present day lives. Brave New World shows us what could happen to society if we were to become efficient in reproduction. The human race would be more efficient, but would lose all sense of love and caring. People would lose the experience of having a family. Science can be helpful to humans, but it can also have detrimental effects to our culture. Brave New World shows us that if we are not careful, the advances of intuition will take over our lives. Works CitedHuxley, Aldous. Brave New World. New York Harper & Row, 1969.

Eating Disorders Essay -- essays research papers

The first liaison to keep in mind is that as an "outsider" (not suffering from an feeding Disorder yourself) in that location be legion(predicate) things you toiletnot do to help a family member or friend to get better. You cannot world power an Anorexic to eat, keep a bulimic from purging, or repair a Compulsive Overeater stop overeating. The first thing to realize once you have come to the aw areness that your loved-one suffers from an alimentation Disorder, is that you mustiness not concentrate immediately on the food. All forms of feeding Disorders are ablazely based and the behaviors are only a symptom to emotional and mental strain related problems. As said many times on this site, disordered eating is an attempt to control, hide, stuff, avoid and forget emotional pain, judge and/or self-hate. If you are the parent of a child under 18 you will have difficult decisions to make regarding their care. Regardless of pleas to "not make me," and promises that the behavior will stop, you will have to stay very attuned to what is mishap with your child and may have to force them to go to doctors and/or the hospital. postponement in mind how serious Eating Disorders are and that they can kill. If your descent with someone suffering from Anorexia, Bulimia or Compulsive Overeating is anything new(prenominal) than their parent, or if your child is over the age of 18 then you cannot force them to seek help. You can dungeon and encourage your loved one, and gently announce concern, and the best thing you can do is to learn to attentively listen. In most cases it will be important for each sufferer to prevail a mode of recovery that will work for them. One-on-one therapy, support groups, clinics, in-patient or out-patient, art therapy, church groups, a combination of any, or none of the above but something completely different ... there are many options out there. Share this website, help your friend or family member to fall in infor mation if they are open to your help. Be encouraging -- there can be a lot of road blocks in searching for Eating Disorder recovery so be reassuring that recovery is thinkable Be there to listen and communicate. Some options for local treatment are here ... and a listing a interior(a) organizations is here. Most of the national organizations can refer you to local chapters, support groups and therapy in your area. For the Anorexic or Bulimic who exhibits any of the following sig... ...derstanding individual. Those suffering with an Eating Disorders are not DOING anything to you, but are struggling tremendously themselves, inside. You need to keep this in mind when posing questions that are selfishly motivated or pernicious (even if unintentionally). "Why are you doing this to yourself?""Your have good things in your heart, whats the problem?" Those with an Eating Disorder do not choose to do this to themselves. There is no conscious choice (in most cases) where a mortal suffering from an Eating Disorder would prefer that lifestyle as opposed to one alter with self-love and happiness. This is a coping mechanism, a means for dealing with depression, stress and self-hate that has been built up over many years. It is a reflection of how the person suffering feels about themselves inside. Wonderful husbands, kids, supportive friends have little lure (other than sometimes temporarily) in creating the true self-esteem required for permanent recovery, to bang with life positively, and to learn to believe that we deserve good things in life and happiness. These disorders are about the person suffering and how they feel about themselves.

Electronic Mail and The Written Word :: Writing Technology Technological Papers

Electronic institutionalise and The Written WordImagine a world without cyber nicety technology. propose using telegrams, typewriters, and pay reverberates to connect to the world, sending all determineence through mail, and expiration messages on home answering machines. At one time, these outdated items were the brandish of the future. Mark Twain couldnt believe his eyes when he byword the typewriter. Why bent these technical advances not good enough any longer? Why accommodate these ways of communicating become historical artifacts? to the highest degree of ones answer lies in the fact that people are constantly looking for faster, more commodious ways to achieve their goals, and cyber culture does just that. Tools such as e-mail provide one with a way to write and communicate with others in a very convenient way. The world we live in is very fast paced. Tasks such as hand writing and mailing letters nourish become excessively time consuming. As Dennis Baro n writes in his essay From Pencils to Pixels, the physical perspiration of handwriting, crossing out, revising, cutting and pasting, in short, the writing practices I had been engaged in regularly since the age of four, now seemed to overwhelm and constrict me, and I longed for the tractableness of digitized text (Tribble and Trubek 36). Besides the troubles of writing a letter, one would then have to stamp and seal the envelope, and rely on the trusty post place to deliver your letter in a timely manner. As essayist Adam Gopnik states, Ten courses ago, even the most literate of us wrote maybe half a dozen letters a year (181). Ten years ago, one would have more than likely picked up the phone rather than sit down and write a letter. E-mail, in a way, has digitized the letter. It has created a way where people can conveniently correspond daily. One can e-mail a friend in California, a professor at Eastern, a grandparent in Florida, and a spouse at work all in a matte r of minutes. E-mail, in nearly cases, is the only way people communicate with each other. For example, I have just recently within the past year come into speck again with my best friend from elementary school. Since she travels frequently to other countries for her job, it would be very difficult to keep in touch with her via letters and phone calls.

Tense in Formal and Informal Arguments :: Tense Arguments Logic Essays

Tense is one of the most significant disparities betwixt orb melodic lines in true first-order logic and informal arguments. Tense is a vital grammatical tool for expressing both actions and states of objects. Yet the syntax of classical first-order logic is not designed to accommodate puree. In this paper I shall evaluate several attempts to address the issue of the formal treatment of separate out. I pass on seek to determine how tense is important to the con date relations among sentences. First, I will examine Quines approach, which tries to represent temporal discourse without extending the syntax of classical logic. Then I will look at Priors approach, which introduces tense operators. Finally, I will outline two approaches of my own, which require second-order calculus, and will analyse to show why the second one best captures the aspects of tense that atomic number 18 appropriate for formal treatment in logic, while minimising uncomfortable ontological commitmen ts. Tense logics, as the name suggests, seek to formalise the logically relevant aspects of tense in arguments. The traditional treatment of tense is to require that the tense of informal arguments remain the same throughout. However, this requirement is inadequate because in several(prenominal) cases it is vital to represent tense in order to evaluate the validness of an argument. For example, consider the following evening marries go Eve is confining to Adam Eve gives birth to a tike Adam is the father of the childThis argument seems valid, but notice how that intuition changes if the order of the premises is changed Eve gives birth a child Eve marries Adam Eve is airless to Adam Adam is the father of the childIt is not nearly as clear whether this version of the argument is valid. This is because tense matters. Our natural tendency in informal arguments is to assume that premises like these are presented in chronological order, but such an assumption will not do for f ormal arguments. Therefore, we need to incorporate tense to clarify the temporal relations among the sentences. When this is done, the argument looks like the following Eve has married Adam Eve has been faithful to Adam Eve gives birth to a child Adam will be the father of the childThis argument is clearly valid, because the temporal sequence of the sentences is explicitly indicated. Now, how should we formally represent tensed sentences?

Great Expectations by Charles Dickens :: Great Expectations Essays

striking Expectations by Charles DickensThis assignment is looking closely at a impertinent written before 1900. The book is called Great Expectations by Charles Dickens. The novel is in the primary person, autobiographical form, that it is spot who looks back at his last(prenominal) life and recounts the event which led to the situation we find him in at the last chapter. Dickens creates some memorable people, realism is found in his settings.The two characters I shall concentrate on are germinate and Magwitch appears in the opening sequences of the novel but does not return until chapter 20 when Pip is twenty three. This second sequence reveals the identity of the person who has made Pip a gentleman.When Pip was a young boy his mother, father, and quintet brothers died. So Pip had to live with his sister and her husband the blacksmith Joe Gargery. His sisters house is a quite lonely house near the River Thames. The house has somewhat a wilderness about it.Magwitch is an escap ed convict. Magwitch make it out that he is symbolize but later on we learn that he is not going away to harm Pip. Magwitch is in the sort of situation where he fears for his life because he is a criminal. but he is a quiet religious man. The first time Pip meet the convict he was standing by his familys gravestones. Dickens describes the scenery as a raw good afternoon towards evening he because goes on to say this bleak practice overgrown with nettles was the church yard. when Pip first saw Magwitch (the convict) he was scared and didnt know what to do he saw the branding iron canes on his legs. Magwitch tipped Pip up side down then up right Pip said to him dont clip my throat sir. and asked him where his parents are Pip pointed behind Magwitch, at this point Magwitch estimation that Pips parents would be behind him and when he didnt see anyone there he realised that he meant that they were dead.

Bartleby the Scrivener: Catatonic Schizophrenia :: Health, Diseases, Mental Disorder

Misery loves alliance and in Melvilles Bartleby the Scrivener, Bartleby exhibits traits of depression and catatonic schizophrenia as delimit in the DSM-IV however the tellers other employees also show symptoms of catatonia every influenced by Bartleby or by Melvilles own cordial state. The theme of kind disorder is prominent throughout the text and a close synopsis of specific passages in concordance with the DSM-IV will first reveal how Bartleby exemplifies these mental disorders and secondly show to what extent the entire story serves to personify them.Bartleby demonstrates behaviours significative of depression, the symptoms he has in accordance with the DSM-IV are a loss of cheer in activities accompanied by a change in appetite, sleep, and feelings of evil (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, 320). Very shortly after Bartleby begins his subject area as a Scrivener he is described by the narrator as having done nothing but stand at his window in his dead-wall revery. (Melville, 126) In contrast, Bartleby had previously been described as a very hard worker and this process of doing increasingly slight shows how his a diminishing sense of interest both in his work but also of the perception others have of him. It is also noted that include in this lack of interest is a social withdrawal (DSMIV, 321) which corresponds healthful to Bartleby in that his workspace becomes known as his hermitage. During small talk which included Bartleby he says that he would prefer to be left alone. (Melville, 120) Bartleby only emerges from his hermitage when called upon and promptly returns when faced with confrontation. His lack of appetite is noticed early where in the narrator notices that he never went to dinner. (Melville, 51) We discover later that he has been work throughing a bit of ginger-nuts and some morsel of cheese, (Melville, 88) however the narrator suggests that this is a pitiable amount of food and that Bartl eby is clearing suffering. In fact his refusal to eat ultimately leads to his death one might infer that it was a ricochet of suicide as he says that he prefers not to dine to-day... it would disagree with me I am unused to dinners. (Melville, 235) This implies that Bartleby hadnt been eating for a great time. Also refusing to eat, Bartleby is shown to very seldom sleep. The narrator mentions that he is always at that place - first in the morning, continually through the day, and the last at nighttime, (Melville, 84) he makes his home in the office and the narrator comments that he ultimately does sleep at the end when he is dead.

AIDS in Africa :: AIDS HIV Disease Africa African Essays

assist In Africahuman immunodeficiency virus-AIDS has give over thirty million slew in the world. Over 95% of all AIDS cases in the world be in Africa and in some of those countries over 40% of the people are infected (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV and AIDS in Africa 1). AIDS does not solely affect homo perk upuals, or any certain ethnicity of people, either HIV-AIDS can affect any fictitious character of ethnicity including African Americans, Caucasians, Asians, Indians, and Hispanic people. AIDS cannot be reversed or cured, only if with straightlaced treatment this deadly virus can be controlled and people can live a nearly normal life. In Africa, though, proper treatment is not nearly as available as it is in some other countries. Approximately 2.3 million people died in 2003 in sub-Saharan Africa alone and that is only the beginning (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV 1). Because of AIDS and its crushing effects and increase infection pass judgment in Africa, organizations and governments are increasing their efforts to stop this disease. Hundreds of millions of dollars buzz off been spent on AIDS efforts, but unruffled the disease continues to spread and take thousands of people?s lives each year. In 1992, 20% of Botswana, Africa was infected with HIV-AIDS. In 1995, 1/3 of the country was infected. like a shot over 40% of Botswana is infected with HIV-AIDS, and these numbers continue to increase (Epstlen 70). The stay on of Africa is mimicking these same numbers as infection rates continue to rise. Of the 27 million infected in Africa, 3.2 million were new cases diagnosed in 2003, and over 2.3 million people died in Africa because of HIV-AIDS last year (Frederickson and Kanabus HIV 1). such numbers are astronomical compared to the rest of the world. In the United States less(prenominal) than 1% of the population is infected in Russia and India the numbers also condition the United States. In Thailand, where it is claimed to be more corrupted in se x and drug trades and have even fewer anti-AIDS efforts than in Africa, the infection rates are still less than 2% (Frederickson HIV 70). Sub-Saharan Africa is the switch region to be infected with AIDS. While countries like Swaziland, Botswana, Lesotho and Zimbabwe all have infection rates reaching near 40%, West African countries barely top 10% in some places (Frederickson 2). In Sub-Saharan Africa, 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDS (Frederickson AIDS orphans in Africa 1). Of the 27 million people infected, 10 million are between the ages of 15 and 24, and 3 million are estimated to be down the stairs the age of 15 (Frederickson HIV 1).

Child Socialization :: essays research papers

Children are raised in many contrastive cultures all over the world. As we know, cultures differ from place to place. They have opposite rules, values, roles, and even communication patterns. An example of this would be a French someone greeting someone, and an American greeting someone else. The French say hi by kissing each other on both cheeks. As Americans, we tend to shake hands. These things are what determine how a child pass on turn out after being brought up in that culture. Children festering up with Anglo-European roots are taught to value their independence, boldness, equality, achievement, self-help, and self-directedness. All of these values significantly affect the family. They believe in family privacy because it is said that families will be allowed to raise their children as they see fit. The only time that this is interfered with is when the parents neglect or mistreat their children. Individualism is also another highly valued trait. Those who remove to s uch thought believe that individual growth is essential to a well-balanced approach to life. It should be noted however, that equality amongst others is essential as well. Those who have come before us have worked extremely big(a) to gain equality in this country and it should be cherished. Life as it was once known has changed due to the vast amount of modernization and mingle of cultures that has occurred within the past 30 years. People talk, walk, and dress differently with a steady eye always toward the future. Success now based on power and resources, especially money. Each individual is expected to do his or her best and is often thrown into the arena of fierce competition in which he or she is encouraged to flourish. Families communicate differently within themselves. For example, at dinnertime my whole family will sit together and talk about(predicate) how the day was. All day long, everyone is out doing their own thing precisely at dinner the whole family comes togeth er. This is the time of day that they set excursus to communicate amongst each other. Other families might just see dinner as just another meal. Instead of sitting together more or less the table, they might all just come in, take their dinner, and go where they need to eat it. The kids might go in the family room and watch boob tube while the parents sit in the kitchen. This differs for every family.

The Grandmother in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find :: O’Connor A Good Man is Hard to Find

The Grandmother in Flannery OConnors A heavy Man is Hard to FindFlannery OConnor is a master of the ironic, the twisted, and the real. Life is filled with tragic irony, and she perfectly orchestrates situations which demonstrate this to the fullest extent. A Good Man is Hard to Find is an excellent example of the lacerated viewpoint which makes her work as compelling and striking as it is. Although this humbug is told in the third person, the readers eyes are rigorously controlled by the meddling, ever-involved grandmother. She is never given a name she is just a generic grandmother she could belong to anyone. OConnor portrays her as simply annoying, a thorn in her sons side. As the little misfire June paladin rudely puts it, She has to go everywhere we go. She wouldnt stay at home to be queen for a day (117-118). As June ace demonstrates, the family treats the grandmother with great reproach. Even as she is driving them all fantastic with her aeonian comments and old-fashione d attitude, the reader is made to feel sorry for her. It is this invariable stream of confliction that keeps the tale boiling, and eventually overflows into the shocking conclusion. Of course the grandmother meant no harm, but who spate help but to blame her? OConnor puts her readers into a fit of rage as the horrible thought comes to the grandmother, that the house she had remembered so vividly was not in Georgia but in Tennessee (125). OConnor uses many symbols to warn the reader of the impending doom that is about to find the unknowing travelers. The grandmother is, of course, worried about The Misfit, and, not surprisingly, the family brushes off her concern. present again is another conflict. If the grandmother rump be blamed for the accident, can the family then be blamed for taking the trip in the source place? The grandmother warned them didnt she? This may sound foolish, but it does take in the same logic. The grandmother also foreshadows the horrible events to come with her choice of devise to ride in the car. The purple spray of cloth violets (118) that she had placed on her blouse were to serve a purpose.The Grandmother in Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard to Find OConnor A Good Man is Hard to FindThe Grandmother in Flannery OConnors A Good Man is Hard to FindFlannery OConnor is a master of the ironic, the twisted, and the real. Life is filled with tragic irony, and she perfectly orchestrates situations which demonstrate this to the fullest extent. A Good Man is Hard to Find is an excellent example of the iron viewpoint which makes her work as compelling and striking as it is. Although this story is told in the third person, the readers eyes are purely controlled by the meddling, ever-involved grandmother. She is never given a name she is just a generic grandmother she could belong to anyone. OConnor portrays her as simply annoying, a thorn in her sons side. As the little girl June Star rudely puts it, She has to go everywhere we go. She wouldnt stay at home to be queen for a day (117-118). As June Star demonstrates, the family treats the grandmother with great reproach. Even as she is driving them all unfounded with her constant comments and old-fashioned attitude, the reader is made to feel sorry for her. It is this constant stream of confliction that keeps the story boiling, and eventually overflows into the shocking conclusion. Of course the grandmother meant no harm, but who can help but to blame her? OConnor puts her readers into a fit of rage as the horrible thought comes to the grandmother, that the house she had remembered so vividly was not in Georgia but in Tennessee (125). OConnor uses many symbols to warn the reader of the impending doom that is about to befall the unknowing travelers. The grandmother is, of course, worried about The Misfit, and, not surprisingly, the family brushes off her concern. present again is another conflict. If the grandmother can be blamed for the accident, can the family then be blamed for taking the trip in the original place? The grandmother warned them didnt she? This may sound foolish, but it does take place the same logic. The grandmother also foreshadows the horrible events to come with her choice of overdress to ride in the car. The purple spray of cloth violets (118) that she had placed on her blouse were to serve a purpose.

Rebelious Spirit Essay -- Character Analysis

The beginning of the twentieth century was marked by the development of feminist movements which demanded equal rights with men, and induce been a subject of controversy in many families. Through Nora Helmer, the master(prenominal) character of A Doll House, Norwegian work outwright Henrik Ibsen focuses on the post and social stipulation of women who were mis treated by men and law in the end of the 19h century. At that time, a wife was expected to be solely dependent on her husband and support the image of the ideal family by taking care of him, children, and the house, but having no personal freedom. Nora leaves her family after realizing that she has been treated by her husband as a doll rather than personality, thus going up against the norms created by men-dominated society to save her self-esteem. Social discrepancy becomes a widespread problem because Noras tragedy creates an opportunity to filter the hidden essence of social and moral relationships where a woman is timid to admit her noble deed to save the dying husband, which is qualified as a crime by the state laws and moral standards. Noras family give reveals the underlying tragedy and brutality of reality, hidden beneath external well-being, as well as portraying the ability of an individual of a weaker status to resist the obstacles.At first glance, Nora Helmer, is only a doll, a sunny squirrel, as Torvald calls her, and the mistress of the comforting house which resembles a doll house. Kids adore her and her man is satisfied with the fairy tale created in the house. Noras husband, Torvald, appreciates much(prenominal) comfort and openly admires Nora is that my little lark, twittering out there?...When did my squirrel get interior(a)? (Ibsen Act I). Behind this external happiness and car... ...erefore, the final piece of the play remains open because Nora has not yet won, but the victory is close. there might a miracle happen and Torvald will be able to revision internally, bri ng Nora back, and build together a real house. In his drama, Henrik Ibsen has revealed with child(p) inconsistency between decent visibility and internal wickedness of a displayed reality, protested against the entire system of public opinion demanding maximum emancipation of women. work CitedGoldman, Emma. Victims of Morality. Lecture. Mother Earth. Vol. 8. Mar. 1913. 19-24.Ibsen, Henrik.A Doll House Approaching Literature indicant + Thinking + Writing. Ed. Peter Schakel and Jack Ridl. 3rd ed. Boston Bedford/St. Martins, 2012. 1245-1297. Print.Johnston, Ian. On Ibsens A Dolls House. Lecture. Malaspina University-College, Nanaimo. July 2000. Web. 21 Apr. 2012.

Essay --

Set in the ever changing piece of the Industrial Revolution, Charles Dickens novel heavy(a) Timesbegins with a exposition of a utilitarian paradise, a world that follows a prescribed descend of logic every last(predicate)y laid-out facts, created by the illustrious and eminently practical Mr. Gradgrind. However, one shortly realizes that Gradgrinds utopia is only a simulacrum, belied by the devastation of lives devoid of elements that feed the ticker and soul, as wholesome as the mind. As the years fly by, the weaknesses of Gradgrinds guardedly constructed system become painfully apparent, especially in the lives of his children Louisa and Tom, as well as in the poor workers employed by one Mr. Josiah Bounderby, a wealthy factory owner and a subscriber to Gradgrinds system. Dickens, through the shatter of Gradgrinds utilitarian world, tells us that no methods, non even constant subjugation and abuse, can defeat and overcome two basic needs of humans, our ingrained needs for emotion and imagination. Louisa, Mr. Gradgrinds favorite child, the paragon of his factual regime, leads a disjointed and embittered life which ends in a showdown between the ideologies of facts and fancy. She is a blossoming example of a child filled to the brim with knowledge by her fathers strictly scientific education. Confused by her coldhearted upbringing, Louisa feels disconnected from her emotions and confused from others, yet she yearns to experience more than the hard scientific facts she has absorbed all her life. While she vaguely recognizes that her fathers system of education has disadvantaged her childhood of all joy, she cannot avoid being coldly rational and emotionally blunted, unable to actively invoke her emotions. She would have been a curious, passionate psyche who ... ...olution he believed in internal parity and the growth of the mind and the spirit. He demonstrated that the system that grinds down, but never building up, will at long last result in c haos and woe for all those subjected to it. Through Hard Times, Dickens argues that all humans have an unconquerable need for imagination, emotion, and love. He tells us that this need cannot be altered or thwarted by any method of education or economic oppression, no field of study how strict and scurrilous it might be. Hard Times illustrates Dickens belief that it does not matter whether one is born in a nurturing or an abusive and neglectful surroundings. What matters is how an individuals true nature responds, changes, asserts itself and molds his or her environment. In the end, whether one body thwarted or strives to fulfill and complete their lives determines who each person becomes.

Cutting the OSINT (Open-Source Intelligence) :: essays research papers

press clipping THE OSINTThe main problem with cutting back or eliminating any intelligence service gathering discipline is the possible problem of the loss of data that deal be utilized to derive intelligence. All information that can be collected should be gathered, processed, and disseminated to the all-source fusion agency in order to only draw the best picture of an investigated situation.In the latter half of the 20th century a burst of electronic technology occurred and developed an stupefying amount of information via the Internet that is growing with more than information by the minute. Most of the information that is publicly useable is gathered by a resource known as open-source intelligence (OSINT). Due to compute cutting and having to eliminate one INT, the OSINT must be considered for the following reasons. wholeness of the main problems with OSINT is that there is so much information it is some time unmanageable to figure out what to collect and what not to c ollect. An analyst trying to crease through the tons of data in order to find character reference information for a request can spend hours trapped in interrogation. Albeit, the Internet is not the only tool available to an OSINT analyst, the majority of other information can be found somewhere on the world-wide-web via electronic city maps, business web sites, etc.This leads to the next point of availableness to everyone. The analysts from the other disciplines HUMINT, SIGINT, IMINT, and MASINT, most certainly have the Internet available. Many times there is not a need to put in a request for an OSINT analyst to research out information that is readily available to an analyst. The time that it takes an analyst from the HUMINT, SIGINT, IMINT, MASINT, or an all-source fusion agency to put in a request to an OSINT analyst and place a product on pause is not practical. Time could be better spent conducting the research within the INT or all-source fusion entity and thus bringing a more favorable result in the information found.Many times information disseminated from other INTs to an all-source fusion agency can be the wrong information, or the consumer could also be asking the wrong request for information from the OSINT analyst. If apiece analyst conducts the research, there is no doubt as to whether the question is answered aright or not. This can eliminate the process of having to conduct double establish on the same request and save more time and currency overall.