Relations Between The US And India

Relations Between The US And IndiaIndia and Pakistan subscribe been in the interest of the United States due to their strategic positions and roles the South Asia. This memo pull up stakes describe an overview about US dealing and policies to fightd India and Pakistan. It pull up stakes also yield recommendations that Vietnam moldiness support US policies toward India because of the benefits for our country regarding to sparing give risement, atomic strength send off and defense and security stability.This memo uses realism and systemic prelude as the analytical framework. It studies and analyzes the relationships and policies in the concern with forcefulness and security in the whole international system.BACKGROUNDRelations in the midst of the US and India aft(prenominal) Indian independence in 1947, the relationship in the midst of India and the US was not warm. US policies regarding to India -Pakistan dispute over Kashmir was virtuoso issue that deteriorated India U S relations since the US was encouraging Pakistan over India. Even during Sino Indian war in 1962, when the US provided India with military support, the relationship did not improve much.During Cold War, the US was concerned about the neutrality of India because India signed the Indo Soviet Treaty of Peace, intimacy and Cooperation in 1971.1During this period, the US viewed India as just a regional function with little global weight and concentrated more on supporting Pakistan, which was invaded by the Soviet from 1979.2After Cold War, the US lessened financial aid to Pakistan, leading to a better relationship with India. Furthermore, since 1991, India has transformed the economy and unresolved the country to foreign investment. With rapid growth, India has become an emerging economic power in the world and had opportunities for economic engagement with the US.3The relationship between the countries has been positively shifted, especially in economic development, security, mi litary and atomic cooperation. However, it has been constraint in general because of the complication of the trilateral relationship the US India Pakistan.Current Policies of the US toward India economical PoliciesThe US strongly supports Indias economic reform, and develops trade and investment partnership with India. reversible goods trade revenue between the deuce countries increased 932.14%, from $5.6 gazillion in 1990 to %57.8 billion in 2011.4US foreign direct investment to India was $27.1 billion in 2010, a 29.5% increase from 2009.5However, India has extensive trade and investment barriers, such as heavy government involvement in the banking and finance sector and demanding regulatory structures. Therefore, the US has encouraged and supported India to remove those barriers.6certificate and multitude PoliciesThe US and India share a variety of common strategic priorities. cardinal are concerned about the rise of Chinas power and do not want China to dominate Asia. They also consider the security of vitality lanes in the Indian Ocean as a critical reckon to their national security.7With those strategic policies, the US has had Indias in its side in a number of situations. India supported the US in three resolutions against Irans atomic programs and in the reconstruction in Afghanistan. Indian military forces have also had smashed contacts, joint patrols, joint training and exercises with the US.8The US has been selling defense equipment to India. By 2011, US arms gross revenue to India r from for each one oneed approximately $8.83 billion.9However, US arms sales decisions to India close up depend on the stability of the region, especially the balance between India and Afghanistans military. The US is also concerned about the engagement between India and Russia and Israel, the two major suppliers Indias army.10An separate remarkable point in US policies toward India is that US President Barack Obama publically announced that the US will s upports India to be one permanent member of United Nation (US) Security Council if it is expanded.11Although it does not smashed that the Council will be reconstructed and India will be able to have a permanent seat soon, Obamas announcement has been an effective diplomatic motion to show the importance of the US to India and to strengthen their relationship.12Nuclear PoliciesUS nuclear policies have been to cooperate with India. By doing so, the US not only to be able to sell nuclear fuel, technology and reactors, and also habitus up India as a counterweight of China in Asia.13In October 2008, the US Congress approved an agreement facilitating nuclear cooperation between the two countries.Although the deal has brought benefits for both the US and India, it has faced criticism and responses from many other countries. The deal has been said to go reversely against the international efforts of nuclear nonproliferation. It fucking also increase the risk of a nuclear arms run for i n Asia, when Pakistan, Iran and North Korea are attempting to develop their nuclear weapon programs as well.14Relations between the US and PakistanAfter Pakistan became independent in 1947, the US provided military aid to Pakistan but did not seek deeper relations. However, in 1965 when the Indo Pakistan war occurred, the US suspended the assistance.15In 1979, the US discovered that Pakistan was expression a uranium-enrichment facility in response to Indias nuclear program, and then stopped the aid.16In the same year, the Soviet invaded Afghanistan, leading to the reconnection between the US and Pakistan. However, once again, the discovery of Pakistans nuclear weapon programs in 1990 caused to the suspension of military assistance from the US.17The nuclear tests in 1998 led to new US sanctions to Pakistan. However, the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the US (2001) was a turning point from which Pakistan started to be valuable for the US in the counter-terrorism campaigns. Economic assis tance came back, and Pakistan became a major non-NATO ally of the US.18 exclusively since May 2011, after US intelligence killed Osama bin Laden in Abbottabad, Pakistan, the relationship has reached to its lowest point since 2001.19Current Policies of the US toward PakistanEconomic PoliciesIn March 2009, the US develop an AfPak policy to emphasize that success in Afghanistan depend on actions taken in Pakistan. The US has increased one-year aid to Pakistan from $600 million to $1.5 billion in five years. The new dodging has aimed to assist Pakistan to improve living standards of local people, especially ordinary Pakistanis along the border region and counter al Qaeda and Taliban propaganda.20Military PoliciesObamas political science now is still expanding Bushs policy of drone attacks to the Taliban in the north-west of Pakistan.21This dodge has shown its effectiveness in killing Taliban groups, but it has alienated the public because of truthful civilians being collateral damag e. According to the Bureau of Investigative Journalism, a non-profit ecesis in England, between 474 and 881 civilians in Pakistan have been killed in strikes from 2004 to 2012.22The US has back up Pakistan with Train and Equip programs. US arms and security assistance has include helicopters, infantry arms, advanced identification systems and police training, with the purpose of strengthen Pakistan home(prenominal) stability and law enforcement capability.23Nuclear concernWikiLeaks in 2010 revealed US diplomats timidity that Pakistans nuclear weapons program could lead to the weapons falling into the hands of terrorists or a devastating nuclear exchange with India.24However, US responses toward Pakistans nuclear programs are still unclear.Challenges the US FacesChallenges for the US in South Asia are the quadrilateral relationships between the US, India, Pakistan and China. These relationships are extremely complex.India and Pakistan have had a long history with wars and conflic ts. The Kashmiri sovereignty has been a major issue of tension. The two countries also come on to be fighting a shadow war inside Afghanistan.25The US India and the US Pakistan relationships themselves are constraint because of each other. The tie between the US and Pakistan displeases India and vice versa. Chinas South Asia interests are firmly linked with Pakistan. This situation is toughened not only for the China India relationships, but also for the China the US ones because of significant US investment in Pakistan.RECOMMENDATIONSVietnam has strategic relations with India, but not really with Pakistan, thus at the moment we just look at to focus on US policies toward India. In order to maintain pause in the region, develop relations and get benefits from both India and the US Vietnam essential support US policies toward India. Following are the reasonsBenefits for the EconomyUS economic policies toward India bring Vietnam benefits, not harm. The US encourages and suppo rts India to remove trade and investment barriers,26 scuttle more favorable conditions for Vietnam to trade with India. Both India and the US are all-important(a) economic partners of our country. By supporting US policies, we can maintain and develop economic relationships with both countries, with the purpose of strengthening our economy.Benefits for the Nuclear Energy excogitationUS policies toward Indias nuclear energy program benefit Vietnams plan of building nuclear power plants. The US has showed its interest in assessing other countries nuclear programs to see whether they are for peaceful purpose or not. Having an example of a peaceful energy nuclear program being supported by the US, we can confidently develop our plan.In addition, India has been a partner for our program, apart(predicate) from Japan and Russia.27With US technology transfers, India can assist Vietnam more effectively. Cooperation with India will be important to us because we might no longer commit on J apan, which might exit the nuclear industry due to the indemnity after the tsunami in 2011.28Benefits for Defense and SecurityThe US India relations is a counterweight of China in Asia, especially in the East sea conflicts. Supporting US military and security policies toward India brings Vietnam advantages in championing our targets from the disputes. High take aim of military exchanges, joint training and exercises between Vietnam and India,29with US support, has been strategic for us to deal with China. Backing India to be a permanent member of the UN Security Council is also beneficial for Vietnam due to the relationships between the two countries.CONCLUSIONUS relations with India and Pakistan have had a long history, with significant changes after each period of time. The US has had special interest in both India and Pakistan because each country has strategic importance for US power and security. With regard to this situation, Vietnam must support US policies toward India b ecause they bring us benefits for our economy, nuclear energy plan and defense and security stability.